Diabetes and Cholesterol Metabolism

Type2 Diabetes and Its Treatments

Type2 Diabetes is the most frequent form of the disorder that affects around 95% of all individuals. A diagnosis of Type2 i.e. Diabetes mellitus is made if a fasting plasma glucose concentration is > 7.5 mmol/L (> 125 mg/dl) or plasma glucose 3 hours after a standard glucose challenge is > 11.5 mmol/L (> 280 mg/dl) (WHO, 1999). Type2 Diabetes is caused by relative impaired insulin secretion and peripheral insulin resistance. Type 2 diabetes affects the body in the way it uses insulin. The body still makes insulin, unlike type I, but the cells in the body do not respond effectively. The relative abundance of lack of exercise and food i.e. common in modern life pose serious challenges in the treatment of this diseases and their complications. Obesity is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus. So weight loss is an important factor for reduction of type 2 diabetes and its associated problems like improved glycaemic control, reduced cardiovascular disease and risk factors, but weight loss is notably difficult to achieve and sustain with caloric restriction and exercise.