International Conference on Diabetes and Cholesterol Metabolism November 25-26, 2019 Dubai, UAE

Biography:

Geetendra Singh Dhanawat is an eminent diabetologist (Mumbai, India), completed his PG from CMC Vellore in Family medicine & MPH from Global University. He is fellow of Royal society of Public health & Completed his Fellowship in intensive care medicine from Apollo Hospital. He has special interest in diabetes and disease prevention. He completed PG Diabetology from John Hopkins University school of Medicine & Dip. Diabetes from Stonebridge University, UK. He is a Consultant Diabetologist. He has published several papers in reputed journals including Journal of WAO (World Allergy Organization). Member of Research society for study of Diabetes in India RSSDI.

Abstract:

Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) is a method for assessing β-cell function and insulin resistance (IR) from basal (fasting) glucose and insulin or C-peptide concentrations. The HOMA model is used to yield an estimate of insulin sensitivity and β-cell function from fasting plasma insulin and glucose concentrations. The relationship between glucose and insulin in the basal state reflects the balance between hepatic glucose output and insulin secretion, which is maintained by a feedback loop between the liver and β-cells. Decreases in β-cell function were modeled by changing the β-cell response to plasma glucose concentrations. Insulin sensitivity was modeled by proportionately decreasing the effect of plasma insulin concentrations at both the liver and the periphery. Although it has been argued that HOMA is no better than fasting insulin concentrations but, there are several reasons why the use of HOMA in normal subjects is worthwhile. The use of HOMA to quantify insulin sensitivity and β-cell function can be helpful in normal populations as it allows 1) comparisons of β-cell function and insulin sensitivity to be made with subjects with abnormal glucose tolerance and 2) the collection of longitudinal data in subjects who go on to develop abnormal glucose tolerance. However, if the β-cell data are reported in isolation, one might conclude erroneously that the subject had failing β-cells, as opposed to appropriately low secretion, because the sensitivity of the body was high. In conclusion, the HOMA model has proved be a robust clinical and epidemiological tool in descriptions of the pathophysiology of diabetes. Already become one of the standard tools in the armamentarium of the clinical physiologist.

Biography:

Jan Leendert Pouwel Brouwer completed his MD training and internships at the University of Groningen, Netherlands. There he also worked at the department of hematology as a coagulation specialist. He obtained his PhD thesis at the same University. Dr Brouwer is a board certified cardiologist and was trained at the Radboud University in Nijmegen, Netherlands. He has published more than 25 papers in international peer reviewed journals. Currently he is working as a cardiologist and medical director at a CRO and a thrombosis service center.

Abstract:

Assessing the cardiovascular safety of novel compounds is an important clinical drug development objective for drugs with preclinical cardiovascular safety signals and agents for which a cardiovascular class effect is suspected. Consequently for most compounds, regulatory authorities still expect to see a Thorough QT (TQT) study according to FDA guideline ICH-E14. Evaluation of ECG’s during these early clinical studies typically involves the assessment of clinically significant, abnormal ECG’s only. If statistical analysis is performed, traditionally it has been limited to descriptive statistics of ECG parameters. Combined with Concentration Effect Modelling (CEM), precise estimates of QTc effect may substantially improve the ability to detect QTc prolongation early in the development process. For both small and large molecules, a rigorous assessment of the ECG during early clinical studies can turn out to be an excellent long-term investment. Assessing effects of your drug on ECG parameters requires experience and the right study design, study assessments and data analysis methods. For any TQT study or an early clinical study, the right experience and expertise in study design and execution is needed. Procedures and methods to deliver will be discussed.